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This is illustrated in the above examples, the water being a more dense medium than air. The refraction takes place at the surface of the medium, and the ray is refracted in its passage out of the refracting substance as well as into it.

A System of Natural Philosophy: In which the Principles of Mechanics ... - Page 148
by John Lee Comstock - 1834 - 295 pages
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A Course of Instruction in Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis

William Noble Lacey - Analytical chemistry - 1924 - 112 pages

...INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS EXPERIMENT i: REFRACTOMETRIC ANALYSIS " General Discussion. — When a ray of light passes obliquely from one medium into another of different density, its direction is changed on passing through the surface. This is called refraction....

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