Language Loyalties: A Source Book on the Official English ControversyJames Crawford University of Chicago Press, 1992 - 522 sider As late as 1987, two-thirds of the Americans who responded to a national survey believed that English was the official language of the United States. In fact, the Constitution is silent on the issue. Since Senator S. I. Hayakawa first proposed an English Language Amendment in Congress in 1981, Official English has been considered in forty-seven states and adopted by seventeen; the amendment is pending in the 102d Congress. Supporters argue that English has always been our common language—a means of resolving conflicts in a nation of diverse racial, ethnic, and religious groups, and an essential tool of social mobility and cultural integration. Opponents charge that the amendment is unnecessary and that it threatens civil rights, educational opportunities, and free speech, wrapping racist biases in a cloak of patriotism. Language Loyalties: A Source Book on the Official English Controversy provides a balanced, comprehensive guide to this complex and often confusing debate. It is an essential handbook and reference for advocates, educators, policymakers, jurists, scholars, and citizens who seek to join this debate fully informed. Addressing the issues involved in developing America's first planned national language policy, James Crawford has expertly collected and introduced more than eighty-five source documents and articles. |
Innhold
Editors Introduction | 1 |
Part I Historical Roots of US Language Policy | 9 |
Part II The Debate over Official English | 87 |
Part III Symbolic Implications of Language Conflict | 159 |
Part IV The Question of Minority Language Rights | 225 |
Part V Language Diversity and Education | 313 |
Part VI International Perspectives on Language Politics | 395 |
The Official Language Movement Reimagining America | 479 |
495 | |
Copyright Acknowledgments | 503 |
507 | |
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Language Loyalties: A Source Book on the Official English Controversy James Crawford Begrenset visning - 1992 |
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Anglo Arizona Asian assimilation Australia ballot bilin Bilingual Education Act bilingual programs California Chinese citizens civil rights Congress constitutional Cuban discrimination diversity dominant economic employees English Language Amendment English Only movement English-speaking ethnic federal foreign language francization French funding German glish groups guage gual Hispanic identity immigrants Indian institutions instruction issue language and culture language minorities language policy language rights Latin learn English legislation literacy majority ment Mexican American Miami monolingual Monterey Park mother tongue multilingual national origin native language non-English-speaking Official English Official English movement official language parents percent political population problems proficiency Puerto Rican Quebec question racial S. I. Hayakawa school districts second language Senator social society Spanish language Spanish-speaking speak English status teachers teaching tion U.S. English U.S. Supreme Court United vote voters York
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