A Manual of Chemistry, on the Basis of Professor Brande's: Containing the Principal Facts of the Science, Arranged in the Order in which They are Discussed and Illustrated in the Lectures at Harvard University, N. E. Compiled from the Works of Brande, Henry, Berzelius, Thomson and Others |
Contents
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Common terms and phrases
acetate action added alcohol alkalies alloy alumina ammonia antimony appears arsenic arsenic acid atom baryta Berzelius blue boiling burns carbonate of potassa carbonic acid charcoal Chim chloric acid chlorine cobalt colour combination combustion composition compound consists containing cooling copper crucible crystalline crystals decomposed decomposition deliquescent digesting dilute dissolves distilled Dr Thomson dryness ether evaporation exposed filtered fluid formed fused fusible gases glass gold grains green hydrogen inches insoluble iodine iron lead lime liquid liquor magnesia manganese matter mercury metal mixed mixture muriatic acid native nickel nitrate nitre nitric acid nitrogen nitrous obtained oxalate oxide oxygen peroxide phosphate phosphorus platinum portion potassium powder precipitate produced properties proportion protoxide pure quantity red heat retort salt silicium silver soda soluble in water solution specific gravity strontia substance sulphate sulphuretted hydrogen sulphuric acid taste temperature tion tube vapour vegetable vessel volatile washed weight yellow zinc
Popular passages
Page 47 - ... the angle of reflection is always equal to the angle of incidence, the image for any point can be seen only in the reflected ray prolonged.
Page 219 - There was a violent effervescence at the upper surface ; at the lower, or negative surface, there was no liberation of elastic fluid ; but small globules having a high metallic lustre, and being precisely similar in visible characters to quicksilver, appeared, some of which burnt with explosion and bright flame, as soon as they were formed, and others remained, and were merely tarnished, and finally covered by a white film which formed on their surfaces.
Page 398 - ... are sufficient to produce the full effect, in the shade several hours are required, and light transmitted through different coloured glasses acts upon it with different degrees of intensity. Thus it is found that red rays, or the common sunbeams passed through red glass, have very little action upon it ; yellow and green are more efficacious, but blue and violet light produce the most decided and powerful effects.
Page 184 - The viscid product, washed and dried over oil of vitriol in vacuo, yields hydrochlorate of acrolein as a mass of velvety crystals, which melt at 32° into a thick oil, having the odour of rancid fat. It is insoluble in water, but readily soluble in alcohol and ether, on the evaporation of which it remains as a thick oil. It is resolved by heat into acrolein and hydrochloric acid. It is not apparently altered by boiling with water, or by the action of dilute solutions of the alkalis.
Page 53 - ... the mass of the metal. • The power of a metallic or other tissue to prevent explosion, will depend upon the heat required to produce the combustion as compared with that acquired by the tissue; and the flame of the most inflammable substances, and of those that produce most heat in combustion, will pass through a metallic tissue that will interrupt the flame of less inflammable substances, or those that produce little heat in combustion. Or the tissue being the same, and impermeable to...
Page 338 - ... the carding will prevent the metal from running away, and in a few minutes it will cool and take the impression, without the slightest injury to the paper from which it was taken.
Page 241 - Another compound of sodium and oxygen is the peroxide, of sodium. It is formed by heating sodium in oxygen gas. It is of a deep orange color, very fusible, and a non-conductor of electricity. When acted on by water, it. gives off oxygen, and the water becomes a solution of soda.
Page 74 - When large quanties of gas are required (as at a public lecture) the gas holder, fig. 9, will be found extremely useful. It is made of tinned iron plate, japanned both within and without. Two short pipes a and c, terminated by cocks, proceed from its sides, and another...
Page 572 - A portion was then inclosed in a green glass tube, in the same manner as in former instances, and being collected to one end, was decomposed by heat, whilst the other end was cooled. The cyanogen soon appeared as a liquid : it was limpid, colourless, and very fluid ; not altering its state at the temperature of 0°. Its refractive power is rather less, perhaps, than that of water. A tube containing it being opened in the air, the expansion within did not appear to be very great ; and the liquid passed...
Page 573 - When made from pure muriate of ammonia and sulphuric acid, liquid muriatic acid is obtained colourless, as Sir HUMPHRY DAVY had anticipated. Its refractive power is greater than that of nitrous oxide, but less than that of water ; it is nearly equal to that of carbonic acid. The pressure of its vapour at the temperature of 50*, is equal to about 40 atmospheres. Chlorine.