Civil Architecture, Or, A Complete Theoretical and Practical System of Building: Containing the Fundamental Principles of the Art, with the Five Orders of Architecture : Also a Great Variety of Examples Selected from Vitruvius, Stuart, Chambers and Nicholson ... |
Common terms and phrases
abacus arch arch of Titus architecture architrave astragal axis base beam binding joists bisect breadth bridge building called capital cavetto centre circle column Composite order cone construction Corinthian Corinthian order cornice curve cutting cylinder describe diameter distance divided doors Doric order edge elevation ellipsis entablature feet fillet floor foot frame frieze frustrum girder given Grecian ground-line height horizontal hyperbola ichnography inches intersection Ionic joints joists length light metopes module mortar mortices ornaments ovolo parallel pedestal perpendicular pieces piers pilasters placed plane of projection plank plaster PLATE points portico prism PROBLEM projecture proportion radius rafters rays right angles right line Roman roof round seat shade shadow shaft side slates soffit solid square stone straight line surface tangent temple thickness timber tion triglyphs truss Tuscan Tuscan order upper vertical plane Vitruvius wall
Popular passages
Page 13 - For could the Arches be otherwise than pointed when the Workman was to imitate that curve which branches of two opposite trees make by their intersection with one another ? Or could the Columns be otherwise than split into distinct shafts, when they were to represent the Stems of a clump of Trees...
Page 78 - ... and suppose the rays to proceed from the right to the left hand of the object, and parallel to a vertical plane which is inclined at an angle of forty-five degrees with the elevation of the object ; then it is plain, that since the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence, the greatest part of the rays which fall upon the horizon will...
Page 13 - Lastly, we see the reason of their studied aversion to apparent solidity in these stupendous masses, deemed so absurd by men accustomed to the apparent as well as real strength of Grecian architecture.
Page 171 - ... as in arched bridges, where the strength and safety of the arches depend so much on their pressure against each other and abutments, that a draw, by destroying the connection, weakens the whole superstructure. 9. The great number of nearly equal parts or joints into which the strain, occasioned by a great weight upon the bridge, is divided, is a very important advantage over any other mode, as, by dividing the strain or stress into so many parts, that...
Page 32 - VII. Through a given point, C, to draw a line parallel to a given line, A B. 1.
Page 32 - A Pentagon is a polygon of five sides ; a Hexagon, of six sides; a Heptagon, seven; an Octagon, eight; a Nonagon, nine ; a Decagon, ten ; an Undecagon, eleven ; and a Dodecagon, twelve sides.
Page 32 - A Right angle is that which is made by one line perpendicular to another. Or when the angles on each side are equal to one another, they are right angles.
Page 64 - PERSPECTIVE, aerial, is the art of giving a due diminution or degradation to the strength of the light, shade, and colours of objects, according to their different distances, the quantity of light which falls on them, and the medium through which they are seen.
Page 24 - ... the link, the other by the same weight increased by that of the link itself, both of them acting originally in a vertical direction. Now, supposing the chain inverted, so as to constitute an arch of the same form and weight, the relative situations of the forces will be the same, only they will act in contrary directions, so that they are compounded in a similar manner, and balance each other on the same conditions. The arch thus formed is denominated a catenary arch. In common cases, it differs...
Page 159 - Llandaff, appears to differ a little in its natural composition from that obtained from Wales. It must, however, be remarked, that this kind of slate owes its lightness, not so much to any diversity in the component parts of the stone, as to the thinness to which it is reduced by the workman ; consequently, it is not so well calculated to resist violent winds as those which are heavier.