RULE. Having placed units under units, tens under tens, &c. draw a line underneath, and begin with the units: After adding up every figure in that column, confider how many tens are contained in their fum, and, placing the excess under the units, carry so many, as you have tens,to the next column, of tens: Proceed in the fame manner hrough every column, or row, and fet down the whole mount of the last row. PROOF. Begin at the top of the sum, and reckon the figures lownwards, in the same manner as they were added upwards, and, if it be right, this aggregate will be equal to de first. Or, cut off the upper line of figures, and find he amount of the rest; then, if the amount and upper ne, when added, be equal to the sum total, the work is pposed to be right. ADDITION and SUBTRACTION TABLE. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 4 6 7 8 9/10/11/12/13/14/15/16 When you would add two numbers, look one of them the left hand column, and the other atop, and in the B common tebr is common angle of meeting, or at the right hand of first, and under the second, you will find the fum-as and 8 is 13. When you would fubtract; Find the number. to fubtracted in the left hand column, run your eye alc to the right hand till you find the number from which is to be taken, and right over it, atop, you will find difference-as, 8 taken from 13, leaves 5. SUBTRACTION Teaches to take a less number from a greater, to find a third, shewing the inequality, excess or difference between the given numbers; and it is both simple and compound. SIMPLE SUBTRACTION Teaches to find the difference between any two num bers, which are of a like kind. RULE. Place the larger number uppermost, and the less uns derneath, so that units may stand under units, tens under tens, &c. then, drawing a line underneath, begin with the units, and fubtract the lower from the upper figure, - and fet down the remainder; but if the lower figure be _ greater than the upper, borrow ten and subtract the ✓ lower figure therefrom: To this difference, add the upper figure, which, being fet down, you must add one to the ten's place of the lower line, for that which you borrowed; and thus proceed through the whole. PROOF In either fimple, or compound Subtraction, add the remainder and the less line together, whose sum, if the work be right, will be equal to the greater line :-Or, fubtract the remainder from the greater line, and the difference will be equal to the lefs. EXAMPLES. 10 2 EXAMPLES. 3 4 5 . Miles. Yards. Feet. From 25 305 4670 58934 879647 Take 12 103 4020 6182 164348 Rem. Proof. 6. Cwt. 918764 9184 May be accounted the most serviceable Rule in Arith metick. It teaches how to increase the greater of two numbers given, as often as there are units in the less; performs the work of many additions in the most compendious manner; brings numbers of great denomina*tions into small, as pounds into shillings, pence, or farthings, &c. and by knowing the value of one thing, we find the value of many. It confists of three parts. 1. The Multiplicand, or number given to be multiplied, and commonly, the largest number. 2. The Multiplier, or number to multiply by, commonly, the leaft number. 3. The product is the result of the work, or the an fwer to the question... SIMPLE MULTIPLICATION Is the multiplying of any two numbers together, without having regard to their signification; as, 7 times 8is 56, &c. : MULTIPLICATION and DIVISION TABLE. 123456| 7| 8| 246 36 4 8|10| 12| 14 | 16| 91215 18 9 10 18| 20 2124 27 30 8|12| 16 20|24|28|32| 36 40 5|16|15|20|25| 30 | 35|40| 45| 50 | 55| 60 6 12|18|24|30|36|42|48| 54 60 7|14| 21 | 28 35424956| 63| 70 77 84 8162432|40|48|56|64| 72| 80 88 96 To learn this Table, for Multiplication: Find your multiplier in the left hand column, and your multipli cand atop, and in the common angle of meeting, or against your multiplier, along at the right hand, and under your multiplicand, you will find the product, or anfwer. To learn it, for Division: Find the divisor in the left hand column, and run your eye along the row to the right hand until you find the dividend; then, directly over the dividend atop, you will find the quotient, showing how often the divifor is contained in the dividend. B CASE |