La découverte de l'électromagnétisme faite en 1820 |
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Page 42 - ... from the preceding facts that the electric conflict is not confined to the conductor, but dispersed pretty widely in the circumjacent space. From the preceding facts we may likewise collect that this conflict performs circles; for without this condition, it seems impossible that the one part of the uniting wire, when placed below the magnetic pole, should drive it towards the east, and when placed above it towards the west ; for it is the nature of a circle that the motions in opposite parts...
Page 19 - L'effet du fil conjonctif sur l'aiguille aimantée a lieu au travers du verre, des métaux, du bois, de l'eau, de la résine, des vases de terre et des pierres. Des lames de verre, de métal ou de bois, interposées séparément ou simultanément entre le conducteur et l'aiguille, ne paraissent pas diminuer sensiblement l'influence de l'un sur l'autre. Il en est de même si l'on interpose le disque d'un électrophore, une lame de porphyre ou une assiette remplie d'eau. L'expérience nous a montré...
Page 42 - I shall merely add to the above that I have demonstrated in a book published five years ago that heat and light consist of the conflict of the electricities. From the observations now stated, we may conclude that a circular motion likewise occurs in these effects.
Page 42 - The electric conflict acts only on the magnetic particles of matter. All non-magnetic bodies appear penetrable by the electric conflict, while magnetic bodies, or rather their magnetic particles, resist the passage of this conflict. Hence they can be moved by the impetus of the contending powers.
Page 42 - ... of the legs. When the eastern leg is joined with the positive end, and the western with the negative, the nearest pole is attracted. When the plane of the legs is placed perpendicular to a spot between the pole and the middle of the needle the same effects occur, only inverted. A needle of copper, suspended like a magnetic needle, is not moved by the effect of a joining wire. Also needles of glass, or of so-called gum-lac, subjected to the like experiments, remain at rest.
Page 42 - ... direction. Besides, a motion in circles, joined with a progressive motion, according to the length of the conductor, ought to form a conchoidal or spiral line; but this, unless I am mistaken, contributes nothing to explain the phenomena hitherto observed. All the effects on the north pole above-mentioned are easily understood by supposing that negative electricity moves in a spiral line bent towards the right, and propels the north pole, but does not act on the south pole.
Page 42 - ... of the case. Suppose the wire placed opposite to either pole of the needle, so that the plane of the parallel legs is perpendicular to the magnetic meridian, and let the eastern leg be united with the negative end, the western leg with the positive end of the battery: in that case the nearest pole will be repelled either to the east or west, according to the position of the plane of the legs. The eastmost leg being united with the positive, and the westmost with the negative side of the battery,...
Page 22 - ... l'aiguille s'expliqueront aisément en supposant que la force, ou la matière négativement électrique , parcourt une spirale fléchie de gauche à droite ; qu'elle pousse le pole nord , et qu'elle n'agit pas sur le pole sud. De même, on expliquera les effets sur ce dernier, en accordant à cette force ou à cette matière électriquement négative un mouvement dans une direction contraire , et la faculté d'agir sur le pole sud , et non sur le pole nord. On comprendra mieux l'accord de cette...
Page 42 - ... for it is the nature of a circle that the motions in opposite parts should have an opposite direction. Besides, a motion in circles, joined with a progressive motion, according to the length of the conductor, ought to form a conchoidal or spiral line ; but this, unless I am mistaken, contributes nothing to explain the phenomena hitherto observed.
Page 33 - Wefieti) der Pol unter welchem fie eintritt, nach Oßen zu gedreht. (5) Dreht man den verbindenden Draht in der horizontalen Ebene, fo dafs er allmählig immer...