A Manual of Steam-boilers: Their Design, Construction, and Operation

Front Cover
J. Wiley & Sons, 1888 - Steam-boilers - 671 pages
 

Contents

Common Shell Stationary Boilers
21
The Locomotive Boiler
26
Marine Boilers older Forms
29
Marine Watertube Boilers
30
The Scotch Boiler
32
64
33
Sectional Boilers
35
Effect of Temperature
36
Crystallization and Granulation
37
Marine sectional Boilers
38
Periods of Introduction
39
Manufacture of Iron and Steel plate
40
Problems in Design and Construction 43 333
43
CHAPTER II
45
Tenacity Elasticity Ductility Resilience
56
PAGE
57
Gaseous Fuels
73
Artificial Fuels
74
Heating Power of Fuels
75
Temperature of the Fire
76
Minimum Air required
77
Temperature of Products of Combustion
78
Rate of Combustion
79
So Efficiency of Furnace 81 Economy of Fuel
81
Weather Wastes
82
Composition of Fuels
83
Heating Effects of Fuels
84
Composition of Ash
85
Commercial Value of Fuels
86
Furnace Management
87
Adaptation of Boiler Furnace and Fuel
88
Specifications of Quality 44 Choice for Various Parts 45 Methods of Working 104
108
Special Precautions in using Steel
113
Rivets and Rivet Iron and Steel
114
Sizes Forms and Strength of Rivets 49 Strength of riveted Seams Helical Seams 50 Punched and Drilled Plates
123
Steamriveting and Handriveting 52 Welded Seams 64 53 Struckup or Pressed Shapes 54 Cast and Malleableized Iron Brass and Copper
127
Shells of Boilers
131
Flues Flanged and Corrugated 57 Stayed Surfaces Stays and Braces 115 117
137
THE FUELS AND THEIR COMBUSTION
152
Combustion defined Perfect Combustion 63 Fuels Coal defined 64 Anthracite Coals 65 Bituminous Coals
153
Lignites 67 Peat or Turf 68 Wood
159
Coke
160
Charcoal
162
Pulverized Fuel
164
CHAPTER IV
207
Methods of Production Combustion 91 Temperatures Quantities of Heat Specific Heat 92 Thermometry Calorimetry 93 Transfer of Heat
209
Operation of the Boiler
212
Forced Draught
213
Closed and Open Firerooms
214
Control of Steam Pressures
215
Radiation of Heat
216
Conduction
217
Low Water
218
Convection
219
Fractured Seams Leaky tubes
220
Deranged Safety Valves Excessive Pressure
221
General Care of Boilers
222
Chemistry of Corrosion
223
Method of Corrosion
224
Durability of Iron and Steel
225
Preservation of Iron
226
Paints and Preservatives Coverings
227
Leakage Contact with Setting
228
Galvanic Action
229
Incrustation Sediment
230
SEC PAGE 107 First Law of Thermodynamics
239
Second Law of Thermodynamics
240
Molecular Constitution of Bodies
241
Heat and Matter Specific Heats
242
Sensible and Latent Heats
243
Latent Heats of Fusion and Vaporization
244
Application of First Law Equations
245
Application of Second Law
247
Computation of Internal and External Forces and Work
248
CHAPTER VI
252
Properties of Water Water as a Solvent
253
Composition and Chemistry of Water
254
Sources and Purity of fresh Water
255
Sea Water Deposits and Remedies
256
Technical Uses of Water Filtration
260
Wateranalysis 201
261
Purification of Water
262
Physical Characteristics of Water
263
Changes of Physical State
265
Draught Gauges
267
The Spheroidal State Superheated Water
268
Vaporization Superheating Steam
269
Thermal and Thermodynamic Relations
270
Internal Pressures and Work Total and Latent Heats
271
Specific Volumes of Steam and Water
272
Relations of Temperatures Pressures and Volumes
273
Power of Steam of Boilers
291
Experimental Explosions and Investigations
294
CONDITIONS CONTROLLING BOILER DESIGN 146 The Problem stated
300
Selection of Type and Location 148 Choice of Fuel Method of Combustion 149 Conditions of Efficiency Pressure chosen 150 Principles of Design
304
Controlling Ideas in Construction
307
Factors of Safety Efficiency and Cost 153 Watertubes and Firetubes
312
Shell and Sectional Boilers 155 Natural and Forced Draught
314
Special conditions affecting Design 157 Chimney Draught 158 Size and Form of Chimney
317
Furnace and Grate
329
Relative areas of Chimney Flues and Grate
334
Common Proportions and Work of Boiler 162 Usual rates of Evaporation
338
Quality of Steam and Efficiency 164 Boiler Power Number and Size 165 Standard Sizes of Tubes Spacing
341
Details of the Problem
345
CHAPTER VIII
346
Parts defined Common Matters of Detail 169 Designing the Plain Cylinder Boiler 170 Stationary Flue Boilers
354
APPENDIX
359
Cylinder Tubular Boilers 172 Marine Flue Boilers
361
Marine Tubular Boilers 174 Sectional and Watertube Boilers
364
Upright and Portable Boilers
369
Locomotive Boilers
371
Transfer of Heat in the Steam Boiler ix
377
Setting Steam Boilers Suspension 178 Covering
380
SEC PAGE 180 Disposition of Flues
381
Steam and Water pipes
383
Safety Valves
385
Feed Apparatus Heaters
392
PAGE
393
CHAPTER X
400
Apparatus and Machinery
401
Shearing Planing Fitting
402
Forming bent parts
403
Riveting and Riveting Machines Welding
404
Setting Tubes and Flues Staying
413
Chipping and Calking
417
Assembling
420
Testing Steam Boilers
422
Sectional Boilers
423
Transportation and Delivery
424
Form and Location of Bridge wall xi
425
The Contract
426
Form of Specifications generally
427
Specification of Quality and Tests of Metal
436
Duties of the Inspector
438
CHAPTER XII
440
Starting Fires and getting up Steam
441
Managing Fires
442
Use of various kinds of Fuel
444
Solid Fuels
445
PAGE 300
458
Repairs
465
Inspection and Test
466
General Instructions
469
CHAPTER XIII
472
Measures of Efficiency 236 Efficiency of Combustion 237 Efficiency of Transfer of Heat 238 Net Efficiency
473
Finance of Efficiency 240 Commercial Efficiency
474
Algebraic Theory of Efficiencies 242 Theory of Commercial Efficiency 243 Efficiency of a Given Plant
483
CHAPTER XIV
484
Purposes of Boiler Trials 245 Test of Value of Fuel 246 Determination of Value of Boiler 247 Evaporative Power of Fuels 248 Analysis of Fuels
485
Properties of Steam
501
CHAPTER XV
538
302
543
Energy stored in Boilers
548
453
556
Colburns Theory of Explosions
558
Strength of heated metal
568
The Spheroidal State Leidenfrosts and Boutignys Experiments
574
Relative Security of Boilers
589
Defective Construction
596
165
624
169
625
172
628
178
632
184
646
185
647
307
648
311
649
350
650
187
651
192
652
455
654
214
655
381
657
472
660
473
661
477
662
Energetics Heatenergy and Molecular Velocity
663
Heatenergy as related to Temperature 235 103 Quantitative measure of Heatenergy 236 104 Heat transformations
665
481
667
Thermodynamics defined 238
670
486
671
Copyright

Other editions - View all

Common terms and phrases

Popular passages

Page 212 - calorie," as it was called by the French philosophers who first adopted the metric system, is that quantity of heat which is required to raise the temperature of one kilogramme of water one degree centigrade, — the
Page 501 - ECONOMIC EVAPORATION. 31. Water actually evaporated per pound of dry coal, from actual pressure and temperature f Ibs. 32. Equivalent water evaporated per pound of dry coal from and at 212° Ff Ibs.
Page 229 - Heat is a very brisk agitation of the insensible parts of the object, which produces in us that sensation from whence we denominate the object hot ; so what in our sensation is heat, in the object is nothing but motion.
Page 542 - The energy of gunpowder is somewhat variable, but it has been seen that a cubic foot of heated water, under a pressure of 60 or 70 pounds per square inch, has about the same energy as one pound of gunpowder. The gunpowder exploded has energy sufficient to raise its own weight to a height of nearly 50 miles ; while the water has enough to raise that weight about one-sixtieth that height.
Page 498 - In tests for purposes of scientific research, in which the determination of all the variables entering into the test is desired, certain observations should be made which are in general unnecessary for ordinary tests.
Page 239 - That the quantity of heat produced by the friction of bodies, whether solid or liquid, is always proportional to the quantity of force expended.

Bibliographic information