The Experimental Basis of Chemistry: Suggestions for a Series of Experiments Illustrative of the Fundamental Principles of Chemistry |
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accuracy action ammonia ammonium chloride amount analysis antecedent data apparatus asbestos atomic weight bromine bulb burning burnt calcium calx carbon dioxide chapter chemical change Chemistry chlorate combining weight combustion complete complex substances composition compound constituents containing copper cork crucible crystallisation crystals density determination dilute effect elements experimental error filled flask fractional gaseous gases glass tube grams heating hydrochloric acid hydrogen chloride investigation iodine iron known weight liquid litre magnesium matter ment mercury metal method mixture nitric acid nitrogen note-book entry occur oxide oxygen phosphorus potash potassium chloride precipitate pressure principle produced properties qualitative quantities ratio reaction Record of results residual gas results obtained salt silver chloride silver iodide silver nitrate silver nitrate solution sodium solid soluble standard suitable sulphate sulphide sulphuric acid synthesis temperature thiocyanate tion vapour vessel volume measurements weight of silver whilst
Popular passages
Page 120 - As nitrous oxide in its extensive operation appears capable of destroying physical pain, it may probably be used with advantage during surgical operations in which no great effusion of blood takes place...
Page 10 - The process was conducted for 24 hours, and at the end of this time neither of the portions of the water altered in the slightest degree the tint of litmus. It seems evident then that water, chemically pure, is decomposed by electricity into gaseous matter alone, into oxygen and hydrogen.
Page 193 - Wrongly do the Greeks suppose that aught begins or ceases to be; for nothing comes into being or is destroyed ; but all is an aggregation or secretion of pre-existing things ; so that all becoming might more correctly be called becoming mixed, and all corruption, becoming separate.
Page 106 - And, to prevent mistakes, I must advertize You, that I now mean by Elements, as those Chymists that speak plainest do by their Principles, certain Primitive and Simple, or perfectly unmingled bodies; which not being made of any other bodies, or of one another, are the Ingredients of which all those call'd perfectly mixt Bodies are immediately compounded, and into which they are ultimately resolved...
Page 106 - I have ventured to develop, neither oxygen, chlorine or fluorine are asserted to be elements ; it is only asserted that, as yet, they have not been decomposed.
Page 6 - ... light. I prepared the double salt in his presence, with soda and ammonia which he had likewise desired to provide. The liquid was set aside for slow evaporation in one of his rooms. When it had furnished about 30 to 40 grams of crystals, he asked me to call at the College de France in order to collect them and isolate before him, by recognition of their crystallographic character, the right and the...
Page 148 - ... object, that the lost air still remains in the residual air which can no more unite with phlogiston ; for, since I have found that it is lighter than ordinary air, it might be believed that the phlogiston united with this air makes it lighter, as appears to be known already from other experiments. But since phlogiston is a substance, which always presupposes some weight, I much doubt whether such hypothesis has any foundation.
Page 195 - Nothing is created, either in the operations of art or in those of nature, and it may be considered as a general principle that in every operation there exists an equal quantity of matter before and after the operation...
Page 135 - ... when electrically excited emits a brilliant flame-coloured light ; and one of the heavy gases, which we called krypton, or "the hidden one," is characterised by two brilliant lines, one in the yellow and one in the green part of the spectrum. The third gas, named xenon, or " the stranger," gives out a greenish-blue light and is remarkable for a very complex spectrum, in which blue lines are conspicuous.
Page 6 - ... left crystals, requesting me to state once more whether I really affirmed that the crystals which I should place at his right would deviate to the right, and the others to the left. This done, he told me that he would undertake the rest. He prepared the...