The Heat Efficiency of Steam Boilers: Land Marine and Locomotive: With Tests and Experiments of Different Types, Heating Value of Fuels, Analyses of Gases, Evaporation and Suggestions for Testing Boilers |
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Common terms and phrases
Analysis of Furnace apparatus Area of Grate Ashes and Clinkers Babcock and Wilcox bars boiler efficiency BOILER TESTED brick-work briquettes calorimeter carbon cent clean clinker coal burnt Coal or Fuel Cold Water Eva combustion Cornish boiler diameter dry coal end of Boiler engine evaporated per sq evaporated per square Excess of Air experiments Expts feed water flue gases foot of grate foot of heating Furnace Gases furnace tubes Gases at end grate per hour heater heating surface heating value hot gases internally fired Lancashire boiler marine boilers mechanical stokers moisture PARTICULARS OF BOILER Percentage by Volume pipes Pressure by Gauge Rottweil sample smoke tubes soot square feet square foot Steam Boiler steam pressure Steam Temperature superheated superheater surface condenser surface per hour T.U. per sq thick trials type of boiler Vacuum or Draught Value in Fuel vertical water evaporated Water per lb water tube boiler weight
Popular passages
Page 236 - Take one of the samples contained in the glass jars, and subject it to a thorough air-drying, by spreading it in a thin layer and exposing it for several hours to the atmosphere of a warm room, weighing it before and after, thereby determining the quantity of surface moisture it contains.
Page 237 - The analysis of the flue gases is an especially valuable method of determining the relative value of different methods of firing, or of different kinds of furnaces. In making these analyses great care should be taken to procure average samples — since the composition is apt to vary at different points of the flue.
Page 236 - ... reached and the weight begins to increase by oxidation of a portion of the coal. The difference between the original and the minimum weight is taken as the moisture in the air-dried coal. This moisture test should preferably be made on duplicate samples, and the results should agree within 0.3 to 0.4 of one per cent., the mean of the two determinations being taken as the correct result.
Page 235 - The boiler being thoroughly heated by a preliminary run, the fires are to be burned low and well cleaned. Note the amount of coal left on the grate as nearly as it can be estimated; note the pressure of steam and the water level.
Page 236 - Calorific Tests and Analysis of Coal. — The quality of the fuel should be determined either by heat test or by analysis, or by both. The rational method of determining the total heat of combustion is to burn the sample of coal in an atmosphere of oxygen gas, the coal to be sampled as directed in Article XV of this code.
Page 234 - Water meters, as a rule, should only be used as a check on other measurements. For accurate work, the water should be weighed or measured in a tank. 3. Thermometers and pyrometers for taking temperatures of air, steam, feed-water, waste gases, etc.
Page 236 - Quality of Steam. — The percentage of moisture in the steam should be determined by the use of either a throttling or a separating steam calorimeter. The sampling nozzle should be placed in the vertical steam pipe rising from the boiler. It should be made of £-inch pipe, and should extend across the diameter of the steam pipe...
Page 234 - ... the boiler and all its appurtenances should be put in first-class condition. Clean the heating surface inside and outside, remove clinkers from the grates and from the sides of the furnace. Remove all dust, soot, and ashes from the chambers, smoke connections, and flues. Close air leaks in the masonry and poorly fitted cleaning doors.
Page 234 - The conditions of the boiler and furnace in all respects should be, as nearly as possible, the same at the end as at the beginning of the test. The steam pressure should be the same, the water-level...