1. 2. that it proceeds... raillery, that it never goes beyond a pleasant interchange of banter; never exceeds those limits and passes into bitterness or abuse, as is often the case with eager partizans.

1. 6. for the keeping... interest, in order to preserve that hold which he has upon the feelings and political support of those about him, who are more narrow-minded than himself, and whose good opinion he would quickly lose if he showed the slightest inclination to more liberal opinions.

1. 8. bait, refresh ourselves and our horses; to bait is the causal of to bite.

11. 11, 2. was against... election, did what he could at the last election to prevent Sir Roger's return as member of parliament for the county.

11. 12, 3. betrayed us... cheer, obliged us to put up with hard beds and poor food, from our want of caution in inquiring as to the character of the inn in regard to these particulars.

11. 19, 20. take up with, put up with, make no objections to. 1. 23. an honest man, in other words a supporter of the same party as himself.

1. 26. the bowling-green, the grass-plot, lawn, on which bowls are played; the game of bowls was of old a much more favourite pastime than at present.

1. 28. side, political party.

1. 29. of a better presence, of a more gentlemanly exterior, appearance.

1. 31. a very fair bettor, one who paid his bets without demur when he lost.

11. 31, 2. would take him up, would make a bet with him when he offered to lay upon one player, or side, or another.

1. 33. a disagreeable vote, a vote that did not please them.

1. 35. correspondence, intercourse, communication.

P. 87, 1. 4. nobody knows where, i.e. from all manner of untrustworthy sources.

1. 5. staring, sc. with incredulity.

11. 7, 8. stopped short... discourse, suddenly broke the thread of his discourse, came to an abrupt close in his narrative.

1. 10. fanatic, madman; particularly in matters of religion; a term applied in the latter half of the seventeenth century to Nonconformists as a hostile epithet; Lat. fanaticus, from fanum, a temple. Here Will's suspicions are as to the Spectator's sanity in political matters.

1. 11. a serious concern, a feeling of great alarm.

11. 18, 9. as in their first principles, as in embryo: as already germinating.

SIR ROGER AND THE GIPSIES. No. 130.

P. 87, 1. 27. gipsies, or more properly gypsies,' a nomad race whose original home was in India, though the earlier supposition was that they were Egyptians, whence the word, which is merely a corruption of the M.E. Egypcien, an Egyptian.

11. 28, 9. exert peace, exercise the powers which as justice of the peace he possessed of arresting them.

1. 30. his clerk, without whose advice he did not like to act. The clerk of a justice of the peace being trained to the law was, like the clerk to the magistrates in the present day, the person on whose advice his superior acted in all cases in which a legal difficulty presented itself.

P. 88, 11. 1, 2. fearing... it, sc. by the depredations of their fellow gipsies in case any legal steps should be taken against

them.

1. 6. to have it, to find it out and carry it off.

1. 7. ten to one, i.e. long odds.

"Gog signifies

1. 12. so agog, in a state of such eagerness. eagerness, desire; and is so used by Beaumont and Fletcher; 'you have put me into such a gog of going, I would not stay for all the world' (Wit Without Money, iii. 1). To set agog' is to put in eagerness, to make one eager or anxious to do a thing" (Skeat, Ety. Dict.).

1. 14. crosses their hands, with a piece of silver which thereby becomes their property.

11. 21, 2. Sweethearts... upon, i.e. by promising lovers to the men and maidens they lure money out of them.

1. 24. jades, properly tired horses, then applied contemptuously to women; here used in a good-humoured way.

1. 25. sluts, properly slovenly women, but here again used in a good-humoured way.

1. 30. communicated... them, held out our hands for them to examine: A Cassandra a prophetess ; Cassandra was a daughter of Priam and Hecuba on whom Apollo conferred the gift of prophecy.

1. 31. crew, company, gang; generally, except of the crew of a vessel, used, as here, in a contemptuous sense: my lines, the lines running across the palm of the hand.

1. 32. in a corner, where I could have her to myself.

1. 35. exposing his palm, holding out his hand with the palm of it turned upwards; Gk. raλáμn. "The sense of 'flathand' is the more original, the tree being named from its flat spreading leaves which bear some resemblance to the hand spread out. Yet it is remarkable that the word was first known in England in the sense of palm-tree" (Skeat, Ety. Dict.).

P. 89, 1. 4. line of life, this line, which is supposed to indicate the length and character of the life of a person, runs in a curve from the ball of the forefinger across the whole palm or 'table' of the hand.

1. 5. an idle baggage, a silly 'piece of goods,' as we also say, a hussy; but used good-humouredly.

1. 14. roguish leer, wicked smile.

1. 16. for nothing, without its indicating a fascinating character: uncouth, odd, strange. The literal sense is 'unknown,' from A.S. un-, not, and cúð, known, past participle of cunnan, to know: gibberish, nonsensical talk; formed from 'gibber,' to gabble.

1. 17. like... oracle, like the ambiguous terms in which an oracle was delivered.

1. 24. jocund, merry, in high spirits.

1. 28. palmistry, the so-called science of reading the destiny of a man from the lines in the palm of his hand, but here meaning sleight of hand: vermin, properly such insects as lice, fleas, etc., engendered by dirt, and thence used of any obnoxious creature.

1. 36. trekschuyt, from Du. trekken, to draw, and schuyt, boat; the Dutch schuyts still bring eels from Holland up the Thames to London.

P. 90, 11. 1, 2. putting off, starting from the wharf.

1. 9. speak readily in, we now omit the preposition.

11. 16, 7. gave him for drowned, assumed that he had been drowned; we should now say, 'gave him up for drowned.' 1. 20. laying together, comparing.

1. 31. our linguist, the boy who was so skilled in various languages.

P. 91, 1. 2. with great reputation, expressing the result of his being so employed.

COUNTRY'S OPINION OF THE SPECTATOR.

No. 131.

P. 91. l. 8, 9. to preserve the game, here to spare the game, not to shoot it until he can find no other game to shoot. But a man is said to 'preserve game' when he protects it from being

destroyed, either by its eggs being taken or its being killed when young by weasels, etc., and allows no one but himself and his friends to shoot it when of full age.

1. 12. beats about, sc. with the help of dogs to put up the game.

11. 14, 5. sure of finding ... worst, sure of plenty of sport when the fields he has already beaten are drawn blank, when there is no hope of any game being put up in that direction.

11. 17, 8. is the harder... at, can only be found in small quantities and with much difficulty.

1. 20. preys, seeks his prey.

1. 24. sportsmen... species, i.e. essayists who have to discover subjects for their writing.

1. 25. started... hunted, carrying on the same metaphors, as again in " spring," "put up,' foil," " ," "puzzle," ," "scent," etc.

99 66

11. 25, 6. hunted them down, run them down, brought them to a successful termination, issue.

1. 28. spring anything, start any subject for my pursuit.

1. 29. following one character, pursuing the study of one character.

11. 29, 30. it is ten... crossed, it is long odds in favour of my attention being diverted; in crossed the metaphor is specially from fox-hunting, where a second fox often crosses the line taken by the fox and so distracts the hounds by a fresh scent.

1. 31-P. 92, 1. 1. foil the scent, make it difficult to follow the scent by confusing one with the other.

11. 1-3. My greatest... it, my greatest difficulty in the one case is to find any subject at all on which to write, in the other to select one from the many that present themselves.

11. 3-5. as I have given... Westminster, as during the month I have spent here I have written nothing on subjects connected with London and Westminster; he speaks as though London and Westminster were coverts that he had not drawn for game during the past month.

1. 14. Will Wimble, see Essay No. 108.

1. 17. killed a man, sc. in a duel.

1. 19. will needs have it, persist in declaring.

1. 20. a cunning man, an expert in the treatment of witches. 1. 22. charms, incantations, spells; literally, things sung: which I go under, which I bear.

11. 23, 4. a White Witch, witches were divided of old into black and white, evil and good; those that worked mischief to the

bodies of men and beasts, and those who used their powers to reveal, prevent, or remove, such mischief.

1. 26. not of Sir Roger's party, a political opponent of Sir Roger.

1. 27. wishes, hopes; this is the outward expression of his feelings, while inwardly he feels pretty sure that Sir Roger's guest is a Jesuit, and rejoices at the idea of convicting his opponent of giving shelter to such an odious creature. The members of the Society of Jesus, founded by Ignatius Loyola in 1534, were of all priests of the Church of Rome the most obnoxious to English Protestants. They were ordered by parliament to be expelled from England in 1579, 1581, 1586, and 1602, and any one harbouring them was liable to heavy penalties.

11. 28, 9. the gentlemen of the country, the country gentlemen of the neighbourhood.

1. 30. give... myself, say who and what I am, prove that I am a respectable person.

11. 33, 4. converses very promiscuously, associates with all kinds and classes of persons; converses, in the older and more literal sense of the word.

1. 35. some discarded Whig, some Whig whom his own party has thrown aside, will no longer employ. "Addison," says Salmon, " was literally a discarded Whig. His party had been driven from office the year before, and he had himself lost a place worth 2,000 1. a year. To discard is a term in games at cards for throwing away a card that is of little or no use to the hand.

1. 36. out of place, probably with a double sense, (1) not amid society to his liking, (2) out of official employment.

P. 93, ll. 2, 3. a disaffected person, one not well affected towards the sovereign.

11. 6, 7. because... noise, because I do not follow the manners and customs of the ordinary country gentleman.

11. 10, 1. that I do not... nothing, that my silence is due to some very suspicious cause.

1. 14. temper, disposition, habit of mind.

1. 15. good neighbourhood, sociability of a somewhat boisterous character.

1. 17. breaks... him, suddenly forces his company upon him. 1. 18. every chance-comer, every one that may chance to pay him a visit, however slight an acquaintance he may be.

11. 18, 9. will be... time, is determined to occupy his time as he chooses.

1. 20. makes... life, is thought a very unsociable fellow by men